Horizontal muscles also require proper care. When people think about muscle management, they often focus only on vertically oriented muscles such as the abdominal or back muscles. However, there are other muscles that deserve even greater attention—four key horizontal muscles that run across the body and help it resist gravity. Although they are not easily visible, they weaken easily, and when they collapse, they can affect the entire body, from facial contours and breathing to pelvic health and foot balance. Let us examine these muscles one by one. The first is the muscle beneath the chin. This muscle assists with swallowing and speaking, and also plays a role in maintaining facial contours and respiratory health. When it weakens, the jawline may sag, leading to a double chin, and in severe cases, it may contribute to snoring or sleep apnea. The second is the diaphragm. Located between the lungs and abdominal organs, it is the primary muscle responsible for controlling inhalation and exhalation. A healthy diaphragm improves breathing efficiency, reduces fatigue, and contributes to better blood circulation and postural stability. However, when weakened, breathing becomes shallow and chest-focused, placing excessive strain on the neck and shoulder muscles and leading to chronic tension and fatigue. The third is the pelvic floor muscle, which forms the foundation of the lower core and supports the bladder, uterus, and intestines. When weakened, it can lead to urinary incontinence, lower back pain, and sexual dysfunction, while also affecting the shape of the lower abdomen and hip line. The final muscle is the plantar muscle of the foot. This muscle forms the arch of the foot, helping distribute body weight and absorb shock. When weakened, it may result in flat feet, knee and pelvic pain, and leg misalignment. Since the feet serve as the body’s foundational support, the strength of this muscle significantly influences overall posture and spinal alignment. By maintaining the health of these horizontal muscles, it is possible to preserve youthful facial contours, a slimmer waistline, stable posture, and comfortable breathing and walking, thereby ensuring overall body balance. If you have previously overlooked the importance and care of horizontal muscles, now is the time to pay attention to these small but essential muscles (Hyangjang, No. 669). 
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